Skin Deep: Punch Biopsies Detect Synucleinopathies
In a small sample set, phosphorylated α-synuclein was detected in the dermis of four such disorders.
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In AD, Effects of Some Genetic Variants Limited to Cell Subtypes
One variant promotes expression of TMEM106b in a subset of excitatory neurons, reducing their numbers. Another boosts ApoE4 in microglia.
CSF Hugs Arteries to Squeeze into the Brain
Cerebrospinal fluid rides the pulses of cerebral arteries to enter the brain and spread into cortical tissue. This supports the existence of a human glymphatic system.
TauRx Parses Subgroups to Make the Case for Methylene Blue Derivative, Again
Based on exploratory endpoints and post hoc analyses, TauRx claims HMTM benefits a subgroup of participants with MCI. Trialists are unconvinced.
TREM1 Muddles Myeloid Cell Metabolism and Memory in Old Mice
In peripheral macrophages and microglia, the receptor disrupts glucose metabolism. TREM1-deficient amyloidosis mice also had healthier neurons, better memories.
Reverse Electron Flow in Microglia Linked to Neuroinflammation
In a multiple sclerosis model, activated microglia reverse electron transport (RET) in their mitochondria, creating oxidative stress. Blocking RET eased pathology.
Fast Plaque Clearance with Little ARIA? So Teases Trontinemab at AD/PD 2024
In a small dose-finding study, Roche’s new brain-shuttle-based anti-amyloid antibody mopped up nearly all plaques in three months, without triggering edema.
Nearly Two Years After FDA Approval, Relyvrio Bombs Phase 3 for ALS
All endpoints were missed. Company to consider withdrawing the drug, as discussed during FDA Advisory Committee meeting.
Neuroprotective Extracellular Matrix Seen in C9ORF72 ALS/FTD Models
Modeling physiological dipeptide repeat expression and partial loss of normal C9ORF72 protein, new knock-in mice show a TGF-β1-driven collagen response in their spinal neurons.
Do Sleep Rhythms Create Ion Waves That Rinse the Brain?
In snoozing mice, silencing neurons dampened ion waves in the interstitial fluid and slowed the flow of solutes. Activating neurons powered CSF flow through the brain.
More on Moribund Mitochondrial Respiration Prior to Plaques
Mitochondrial activation waned in brain cells a year before mice developed plaques. Inhibiting the kinase GSK3β partially restored the organelles.
Tau Fragments in Plasma Track with Tangles, Cognitive Decline
A new immunoassay detects N-terminal fragments of tau. They predict tangle accumulation, cortical atrophy, and cognitive decline.
Different Cellular Mechanisms in Familial and Sporadic Alzheimer’s?
A single-nuclei RNA-Seq study found more autophagy and chaperone gene expression in familial AD brain, more intense microglial activation in sporadic.
From St. Louis to Beijing: AD Biomarkers Change Similarly Before Symptoms
Using different methods and studying different populations, two studies report similar trajectories of fluid and imaging biomarkers over a 20-year span of AD.
While a Fly Sleeps, Its Glia Burn Neuronal Lipids to Refresh the Brain
In awake fruit flies, neurons pass toxic lipids to glia for storage. When the flies sleep, glia metabolize the fat to reset for a new day.
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