Science has come a long way since botanist Carl Linnaeus built his catalogue and plant extracts were the medicine du jour. As a strategy, immunotherapy is now blossoming for diseases of the central nervous system, even though final success in the clinic remains elusive at this point. Roughly 40 different passive and active vaccination trials are ongoing for Alzheimer’s and other neurological disorders.

What are the targets, the challenges, and the possibility of success? The 2nd International Conference on Neurodegenerative Disorders: Immunotherapy and Biomarkers, took on these questions at Linnaeus’s alma mater, Uppsala University in Sweden.